Assignment 1: Builder Pattern - GamingPC

Project Overview

This project implements the Builder pattern in Java to assemble a Gaming PC. Instead of using a huge constructor with many parameters, the Builder helps configure required and optional PC parts step by step.

Main Classes:

• GamingPC: Product class. Holds PC specifications (CPU, GPU, RAM, Storage, Cooling, RGB).
• GamingPC.Builder: Static inner class to build the PC step-by-step.
• PCDirector: Contains presets (buildGamingPC, buildBudgetPC).
• Main: Client class to test the builds and print results.

---

Clean Code Principles (Section 3)

1. Meaningful Names

Variables and methods clearly state what they do without needing comments.

• Example: setCpu(), buildGamingPC(), budgetPC.

2. Small, Single-Purpose Methods

Each method in the builder just sets one field and returns this.

public Builder setCpu(String cpu) {
    this.cpu = cpu;
    return this;
}

3. Validated Construction

The build() method checks essential components before creating the object:

public GamingPC build() {
    if (cpu == null || gpu == null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("CPU and GPU cannot be null");
    }
    return new GamingPC(this);
}

4. Immutability & Encapsulation

The GamingPC constructor is private (can only be made via Builder), and all fields are final so they cannot be changed after creation.

private final String cpu;
private GamingPC(Builder builder) { ... }

5. Method Chaining (Fluent Interface)

Returning this in setters lets us chain calls cleanly instead of passing many null values into a constructor:

GamingPC customPC = new GamingPC.Builder()
        .setCpu("Intel Core i7-14700K")
        .setGpu("NVIDIA RTX 4070 Ti")
        .setRamGb(32)
        .build();