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Boruna: a deterministic, capability-safe programming language and framework for LLM-native applications

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Boruna

CI License: MIT Version Status: Stable

v4.2.0 is the current release. Only the latest major line (4.x) is supported; 1.x, 2.x and 3.x are end of life. Upgrading from 3.x: docs/guides/upgrading-to-4.md. See docs/lts.md for the support and deprecation policy.

Deterministic, policy-gated workflow execution for AI systems that must be auditable.


The problem

Most AI orchestration tools run workflows and return outputs. When something goes wrong — or when a regulator asks — there is no reliable way to answer: What exactly ran? What did the model see? What did it return? Can you prove it?

Boruna answers those questions by design.

Every Boruna workflow run can produce a tamper-evident evidence bundle: a hash-chained audit log that records, for every step, the hash of the inputs it ran on, every capability it called (allowed or denied) and the hash of its output, plus every failure, every approval or rejection, and every confidence-gate decision. Anyone can inspect and verify the bundle offline, without a central server and without trusting anyone's word.

This makes Boruna suited for teams building AI workflows that touch regulated data, make consequential decisions, or need a defensible audit trail.

What Boruna provides

  • DAG workflow execution — steps are .ax source files; the workflow is a workflow.json DAG definition (schema_version: 1 frozen at 1.0)
  • Capability enforcement — every side effect (LLM calls, HTTP, database, filesystem) is declared and policy-gated at the VM level
  • Evidence bundles — hash-chained tamper-evident logs, written automatically with --record. Optional AES-256-GCM envelope encryption for compliance-sensitive deployments. evidence inspect shows step output content for plaintext bundles.
  • Deterministic replay — re-execute any recorded workflow with identical outputs, verified by the VM
  • Approval gates — pause workflow execution for human review or external triggers before continuing
  • Diagnostics, auto-repair, and migration — boruna lang check, boruna lang repair, boruna migrate for .ax files and bundle/workflow upgrades
  • boruna new — interactive scaffold for new workflows from templates
  • 33 built-in functions — string (12), list (7), and map (7) operations plus type conversions and debug builtins (__builtin_string_*, __builtin_list_*, __builtin_map_*, …) available in every .ax file without imports
  • Import resolution — import "std-name" inlines libs/<name>/src/core.ax at compile time; 14 stdlib packages (the original 13 are 1.0-stable)
  • Four formal versioned specifications — .ax language 1.0, bytecode 1.0, evidence bundle format 1.0, workflow DAG schema 1.0 (all under docs/spec/)
  • MCP server — exposes 14 tools for AI coding agent integration (Claude Code, Cursor, Codex)

What Boruna is not

  • Not a general-purpose language or runtime (use Rust, Python, Go for that)
  • Not an LLM framework (use LangChain, LCEL, etc. for prompt engineering)
  • Not a cloud service (Boruna runs wherever you deploy it)
  • Not a key-management system (operators wire HSM / KMS integration themselves; bundle-encryption KEK lifecycle is operator-owned)

Install

Linux and macOS:

curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/escapeboy/boruna/master/install.sh | sh

Windows (PowerShell):

irm https://raw.githubusercontent.com/escapeboy/boruna/master/install.ps1 | iex

Both scripts pick the right build for your OS and CPU, check it against the release's SHA256SUMS and refuse to install on a mismatch, then put boruna, boruna-mcp, boruna-pkg and boruna-orch in ~/.local/bin (Windows: %LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\boruna\bin, added to your user PATH). Set BORUNA_VERSION=v3.4.0 to pin a version or BORUNA_INSTALL_DIR to choose the folder. Read install.sh / install.ps1 first if you prefer not to pipe a script into your shell.

Check the installation with boruna --version and boruna doctor.

Manual download with checksum check
# Linux x86_64 (musl — works on Alpine, Ubuntu, Debian, ...)
curl -fsSL https://github.com/escapeboy/boruna/releases/latest/download/SHA256SUMS -o SHA256SUMS
TARGET=x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
TAR=$(grep "$TARGET" SHA256SUMS | awk '{print $2}')
curl -fsSLO "https://github.com/escapeboy/boruna/releases/latest/download/$TAR"
grep "$TAR" SHA256SUMS | sha256sum -c -
tar -xzf "$TAR"
./boruna-*-${TARGET}/boruna --version

Windows (PowerShell):

$base = "https://github.com/escapeboy/boruna/releases/latest/download"
Invoke-WebRequest "$base/SHA256SUMS" -OutFile SHA256SUMS
$target = "x86_64-pc-windows-msvc"   # or aarch64-pc-windows-msvc on Windows on Arm
$zip = ((Select-String -Path SHA256SUMS -Pattern $target).Line -split "\s+")[1].TrimStart("*")
Invoke-WebRequest "$base/$zip" -OutFile $zip
# Compare this hash with the line for $zip in SHA256SUMS:
(Get-FileHash $zip -Algorithm SHA256).Hash.ToLower()
Expand-Archive $zip -DestinationPath .
.\boruna-*-$target\boruna.exe --version

Supported platforms

Every platform below is built and its full test suite is run natively on a real machine of that type in CI (no emulation), together with an example workflow and evidence verify.

Platform Release asset Tested natively in CI
Linux x86_64 (musl) x86_64-unknown-linux-musl .tar.gz yes (tests run on a glibc build; the musl release binary is cross-built)
Linux arm64 (musl) aarch64-unknown-linux-musl .tar.gz yes (glibc build; the musl release binary is cross-built)
macOS Apple Silicon aarch64-apple-darwin .tar.gz yes
macOS Intel x86_64-apple-darwin .tar.gz yes
Windows x64 x86_64-pc-windows-msvc .zip yes
Windows on Arm aarch64-pc-windows-msvc .zip yes

Other targets (FreeBSD, 32-bit, RISC-V and so on) are not built or tested; build from source and run cargo test --workspace to see whether they work for you. See docs/releasing.md.

Or build from source:

git clone https://github.com/escapeboy/boruna
cd boruna
cargo build --workspace --release

Quickstart

# Run a workflow
boruna workflow run examples/workflows/llm_code_review --policy allow-all --record

# Verify the evidence bundle
boruna evidence verify .boruna/runs/<run-id>/

→ Full Quickstart — 10 minutes, ends with a verified evidence bundle.

Example workflows

Workflow Pattern What it shows
LLM Code Review Linear, 3 steps LLM capability, data flow, evidence recording
Document Processing Fan-out, 5 steps Parallel steps, multi-input merge
Customer Support Triage Approval gate Human-in-the-loop, conditional pause, audit trail

Each example runs in demo mode (no external services) and produces a verifiable evidence bundle.

How the evidence guarantee works

workflow.json  →  DAG Validator  →  Step Runner
                                        ↓
                                   .ax source
                                        ↓
                                   Compiler → Bytecode
                                        ↓
                                   VM (capability gateway)
                                        ↓
                                   EventLog entry (CapCall + CapResult)
                                        ↓
                              Hash-chained audit log

boruna evidence verify <bundle>
  → Chain integrity: VALID
  → All step hashes: MATCH
  → Verification: PASSED

Every CapCall (including LLM calls) is logged with its full response. The log is SHA-256 hash-chained from a genesis entry containing the workflow definition hash. Modification of any entry breaks the chain.

Architecture

Boruna is a Rust workspace with 10 production crates plus a benches/ member:

Crate Purpose
boruna-orchestrator Workflow engine, DAG execution, evidence bundles
boruna-vm Bytecode VM, capability gateway, actor system, replay
boruna-compiler Lexer, parser, type checker, code generator
boruna-bytecode Opcodes, Module, Value, Capability definitions
boruna-framework Elm-architecture runtime, test harness
boruna-effect LLM integration, prompt management, caching
boruna-cli CLI binary (boruna)
boruna-tooling Diagnostics, repair, trace-to-tests, templates
boruna-pkg Package registry, resolver, lockfiles

1175+ tests across 11 workspace members. cargo test --workspace — all pass.

Documentation

Quickstart Build, run a workflow, inspect evidence
Concepts: Determinism Why and how determinism is enforced
Concepts: Capabilities Side effect declaration and policy gating
Concepts: Evidence Bundles Hash-chained audit logs and replay
Guide: First Workflow Build a workflow from scratch
Guide: Migration Upgrade legacy bundles and workflow files
Spec: .ax Language 1.0 Formal language specification
Spec: Workflow DAG 1.0 workflow.json schema
Spec: Evidence Bundle 1.0 Bundle format + encryption envelope
Reference: CLI All boruna commands
LTS contract Support windows + deprecation policy for 1.x
Performance Baseline numbers + 1.x performance budget
Stability What is stable, experimental, and planned
Roadmap 0.2.0 → 1.0.0 → 1.x
Limitations Real constraints, stated honestly
FAQ Common questions
All docs → Full documentation index

Status

Boruna is at v4.2.0: a local deterministic engine and CLI. Since v3.0.0 there is no HTTP server, coordinator, dashboard or serve feature. Recent releases added signed, redactable and Rekor-anchorable evidence bundles with compliance reports (3.1–3.2), calibrated confidence gates for approvals (3.3), native builds and tests for macOS, Windows and Linux on x86_64 and Arm (3.4), one-line installers, language 1.1 and several match fixes (3.5), audit entries for step inputs and capability calls (3.6), network and LLM calls from .ax with built-in providers (3.7), files, clock and random numbers from .ax with folder-limited file access (3.8), and .ax language 2.0 with compile-time type and mut errors, break / continue and block scoping (4.0), approvals recorded with the approver's name and reason (4.1), and llm_call through local command-line tools such as claude or codex (4.2). See the CHANGELOG.

The project is suited for evaluation, internal tooling, and audit-sensitive AI pipelines. Operator action: validate the docs/PERFORMANCE.md budget against your workload, and review docs/limitations.md for known constraints. External security audit booking is the Q4 2026 commitment in lts.md.

See docs/stability.md for the stability tier breakdown.

For coding agents

Boruna exposes an MCP server for AI coding agent integration. See AGENTS.md for integration instructions and the tool reference.

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md. The short version: open an issue, implement with tests, run cargo test --workspace + cargo clippy + cargo fmt, add a CHANGELOG entry, open a PR.

License

MIT — Copyright 2026 Boruna Contributors

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Boruna: a deterministic, capability-safe programming language and framework for LLM-native applications

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